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Trumpet520,
lets get the range straight. A double E is not the one on the 3rd ledger line above the staff. That is merely a high E. The same goes for the G above that. The "double" octave starts with the C that is the space above the 5th ledger line above the staff. If you can scream real DOUBLE Es AND Gs, you should be able to play 2 octaves lower the next day.
If you beat your face up at night with high Es and Gs, you will have problems the next day - period. If you are supporting your range with the proper breathing and body use, you can minimize the damage. If the morning rehearsal is important, you may have to demonstrate a little (lot) more self control before turning your chops into hamburger the day before.
A small ensemble like a quintet allows you to hear yourself more intimately than in a concert or big band setting. That is why you sound best there.
If you are looking for reasons to drive yourself crazy, you will find them.
If you were taking lessons from me, I would probably put you on a steady diet of controlled breathing, lip slurs and long tones to get some consistency into your playing. I get the impression you do not think very much about what you are playing until after you have played it. That is usual for players that can't play consistently. There is absolutely no reason to be frustrated. You need to get mad - at yourself. Play more consiously, don't try to show off. A little bit of constraint could solve everything that you have mentioned. The proof is also not in 2 or 3 days. Building up reliable chops takes weeks, months, even years or diligent practice.

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Whenever I feel blue, I start breathing again.