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We can define efficient as using "just enough" of any specific characteristic. Efficient tonguing is minimal use of the tongue and generally leads to maximum speed. An efficient "tight" embouchure, is strong but does not tax the face muscles as more moving air gets turned into sound. A less efficient embouchure would "leak" more air.

When we talk about mouthpiece design, there is plenty of room for argument. Even although I do not use it anymore, I personally feel that the Schilke 14A4A was one of the most technically efficient mouthpieces ever made.

When we talk about efficient instruments, we mean sharp slots, but we also have to take into account that it is harder to "change" the tone of this instrument. Inefficiencies help us "bend" notes more easily, play with a greater palette of colors, BUT at the cost of more work (less absolute endurance).

At the end of the day, it is useful to know where one could possibly gain some advantage - and what it may cost!

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Whenever I feel blue, I start breathing again.